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What Should Not Be Used on Electrical Fires?

Electrical fires present unique hazards due to the involvement of live electricity. Using improper extinguishing agents can result in electric shock, further spreading of the fire, or other dangerous situations. Here's a comprehensive guide on what should not be used on electrical fires and why.

Extinguishing Agents to Avoid

1. Water Fire Extinguishers
• Why Not to Use: Water conducts electricity, and using a water fire extinguisher on an electrical fire can lead to electrical shock.
• Risks: Spraying water on an electrical fire can create a path for the electrical current to travel back to the person holding the extinguisher, causing severe or even fatal shocks. Additionally, it can lead to short-circuiting and further spreading of the fire.
2. Foam Fire Extinguishers
• Why Not to Use: Foam extinguishers also contain water and are therefore conductive. They are primarily designed to tackle fires involving flammable liquids (Class B fires).
• Risks: Similar to water, foam can conduct electricity, posing a significant electric shock hazard. Using foam on electrical fires can also be ineffective and may worsen the situation.
3. Wet Chemical Fire Extinguishers
• Why Not to Use: Wet chemical extinguishers are intended for fires involving cooking oils and fats (Class F fires).
• Risks: These extinguishers are not suitable for electrical fires and can be ineffective, potentially spreading the burning material without extinguishing the fire.
4. Water Mist Fire Extinguishers (With Caution)
• Why Not to Use: Although some water mist systems are advertised as safe for electrical fires because the mist droplets are non-conductive, using them still requires careful consideration.
• Risks: The improper application can still result in risks, and it is generally safer to rely on specifically designated CO2 or dry powder extinguishers for electrical fires.

Safe Extinguishing Agents for Electrical Fires

1. Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Fire Extinguishers
• Why to Use: CO2 extinguishers release carbon dioxide gas, which displaces oxygen and smothers the fire without conducting electricity.
• Benefits: They are non-conductive and leave no residue, making them safe to use on electrical fires and around sensitive electronic equipment.
2. Dry Powder (ABC Dry Powder) Fire Extinguishers
• Why to Use: Dry powder extinguishers work by coating the fuel with a layer of powder, which separates the fuel from the oxygen and interrupts the chemical reaction.
• Benefits: They are effective on electrical fires (Class C) and versatile for use on various other classes of fires. However, they can leave a residue that may require clean-up and potentially damage electronics.

Proper Use of Fire Extinguishers on Electrical Fires

1. Identify the Type of Fire
• Assess the Situation: Ensure that the fire is an electrical fire (involving electrical equipment or wiring). Disconnect power if safe to do so before attempting to extinguish the fire.
2. P.A.S.S. Technique: When using a fire extinguisher, follow the PASS technique:
• Pull: Pull the pin to break the tamper seal.
• Aim: Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire.
• Squeeze: Squeeze the handle to release the extinguishing agent.
• Sweep: Sweep the nozzle from side to side to cover the area of the fire comprehensively.
3. Maintain a Safe Distance
• Stay Back: When using a CO2 or dry powder extinguisher, maintain a safe distance from the fire to avoid exposure to heat and potential electrical hazards.
4. Monitor and Retest
• Watch for Reignition: After extinguishing the fire, monitor the area for any signs of reignition. If it reignites, use the extinguisher again or call the fire brigade.

Additional Safety Precautions

1. Regular Maintenance and Inspections
• Check Fire Extinguishers: Regularly inspect and maintain fire extinguishers to ensure they are in working order. Check pressure gauges and look for signs of damage or wear.
• Professional Servicing: Have fire extinguishers serviced annually by a qualified professional to comply with safety standards and regulations.
2. Training and Awareness
• Employee Training: Ensure all employees or household members are trained on how to use fire extinguishers properly, including those designed for electrical fires.
• Emergency Preparedness: Conduct regular fire drills and ensure everyone knows the evacuation procedures and locations of fire extinguishers.

Conclusion

Using the correct type of fire extinguisher is crucial for safely addressing electrical fires. Water, foam, and wet chemical extinguishers should never be used on electrical fires due to the significant risk of electric shock and ineffectiveness. Carbon dioxide (CO2) and dry powder (ABC dry powder) extinguishers are safe and effective for tackling electrical fires. Proper training, regular maintenance, and adherence to safety guidelines enhance the preparedness and safety of individuals in the event of an electrical fire.